Enabling artificial photosynthesis systems with molecular recycling: A review of photo- and electrochemical methods for regenerating organic sacrificial electron donors

• Grace A. Lowe

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2023, 19, 1198–1215, doi:10.3762/bjoc.19.88

• aqueous media the 2 electron-reduced product can undergo side reactions. Interestingly at low pH the 2-electron product behaves like a redox catalyst for hydrogen evolution and can increase the pH from 4 to 11. Although this behavior is not desirable for RFBs it might be interesting for artificial

A diastereoselective approach to axially chiral biaryls via electrochemically enabled cyclization cascade

• Hong Yan,
• Zhong-Yi Mao,
• Zhong-Wei Hou,
• Jinshuai Song and
• Hai-Chao Xu

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019, 15, 795–800, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.76

• previously established conditions employing a three-necked round-bottomed flask as the cell, a reticulated vitreous carbon (RVC) anode and a platinum plate cathode [31]. The reaction was carried in refluxing MeCN/H2O (9:1) with tetraarylhydrazine 1 as the redox catalyst, NaHCO3 (2 equiv) as an additive, and

• reaction. A mechanism for the electrochemical synthesis was proposed based on the results from our previous work [31] and of this work (Scheme 3). The redox catalyst 1 is oxidized at the anode to give radical cation I. In the meanwhile, H2O is reduced at the cathode to afford HO− and H2. The base generated

Olefin metathesis catalysts embedded in β-barrel proteins: creating artificial metalloproteins for olefin metathesis

• Daniel F. Sauer,
• Johannes Schiffels,
• Takashi Hayashi,
• Ulrich Schwaneberg and
• Jun Okuda

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 2861–2871, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.265

• catalyst or redox catalyst. Various metalloenzymes have been applied in laboratory-scale reactions and a few metalloenzymes such as nitrile hydratase (cobalt(III) in the active site) for the production of acrylamide have found application in industry [25]. Notably, however, the reaction scope of natural

Cobalt- and rhodium-catalyzed carboxylation using carbon dioxide as the C1 source

• Tetsuaki Fujihara and
• Yasushi Tsuji

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 2435–2460, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.221

• -redox catalyst under visible-light irradiation conditions [48]. Zhao and Wu reported the visible-light-driven hydrocarboxylation of alkynes in the presence of a Co catalyst [49]. The reaction of alkynes was carried out using CoBr2/dcype (dcype = bis(dicyclohexylphosphino)ethane) as catalysts in the

Functionalization of N-arylglycine esters: electrocatalytic access to C–C bonds mediated by n-Bu₄NI

• Mi-Hai Luo,
• Yang-Ye Jiang,
• Kun Xu,
• Yong-Guo Liu,
• Bao-Guo Sun and
• Cheng-Chu Zeng

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 499–505, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.35

• . In addition, it is demonstrated that the mediated process is superior to the direct electrochemical functionalization. Keywords: C–C formation; electrochemical oxidative functionalization; n-Bu4NI; redox catalyst; Introduction The oxidative cross dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) of two C–H bonds has

• electrochemical C–H bond functionalization, leading to the formation of new C–C, C–N, C–O and C–S bonds [28][29][30][31]. Herein, we report the electrochemical α-C–H functionalization of N-arylglycine esters with C–H nucleophiles using n-Bu4NI as redox catalyst (Scheme 1). The chemistry was performed in an

• ). Investigation of the anode proved that graphite was superior to Pt and DSA (Dimensionally Stable Anode, Table 1, entries 14 and 15). Finally, to further improve the reaction efficiency, several halide-containing mediators as redox catalyst were evaluated. To our delight, when n-Bu4NI was utilized as a redox

Chemical systems, chemical contiguity and the emergence of life

• Terrence P. Kee and
• Pierre-Alain Monnard

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 1551–1563, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.155

• ]. Such vesicles with associated ribozymes could eventually prove to be novel functional chemical systems. The production of fatty acids from non-amphiphilic picolylesters performed using a photochemical reaction involving a ruthenium tris(bipyridine), functioning as photosensitizer and redox catalyst

Au(I)/Au(III)-catalyzed Sonogashira-type reactions of functionalized terminal alkynes with arylboronic acids under mild conditions

• Deyun Qian and
• Junliang Zhang

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2011, 7, 808–812, doi:10.3762/bjoc.7.92

• , Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ling Ling Road 345 Shanghai 200032 (P. R. China) 10.3762/bjoc.7.92 Abstract A straightforward, efficient, and reliable redox catalyst system for the Au(I)/Au(III)-catalyzed Sonogashira cross-coupling reaction of functionalized terminal alkynes with arylboronic acids under